**copy dari website**

Thiele-Small Parameters :
B Magnetic flux density in gap, in Tesla-meters (TM)

BL The magnetic strength of the motor structure. "Expressed in Tesla meters, this is a measurement of the motor strength of a speaker. Think of this as how good a weightlifter the transducer is. A measured mass is applied to the cone forcing it back while the current required for the motor to force the mass back is measured. The formula is mass in grams divided by the current in amperes. A high BL figure indicates a very strong transducer that moves the cone with authority!"

C Propagation velocity of sound at STP, approx. 342 m/s

Cas Acoustical equivalent of Cms

Cmes The electrical capacitive equivalent of Mms, in farads

Cms The driver's mechanical compliance (reciprocal of stiffness), in m/N

D Effective diameter of driver, in meters

F3 -3 dB cutoff frequency, in Hz

Fb Enclosure resonance (usually for bass reflex systems), in Hz

Fc System resonance (usually for sealed box systems), in Hz

Fs Driver free air resonance, in Hz. This is the point at which driver impedance is maximum. "This parameter is the free-air resonant frequency of a speaker. Simply stated, it is the point at which the weight of the moving parts of the speaker becomes balanced with the force of the speaker suspension when in motion. If you've ever seen a piece of string start humming uncontrollably in the wind, you have seen the effect of reaching a resonant frequency. It is important to know this information so that you can prevent your enclosure from 'ringing'. With a loudspeaker, the mass of the moving parts, and the stiffness of the suspension (surround and spider) are the key elements that affect the resonant frequency. As a general rule of thumb, a lower Fs indicates a woofer that would be better for low-frequency reproduction than a woofer with a higher Fs. This is not always the case though, because other parameters affect the ultimate performance as well."

L Length of wire immersed in magnetic field, in meters

Lces The electrical inductive equivalent of Cms, in henries

Le "This is the voice coil inductance measured in millihenries (mH). The industry standard is to measure inductance at 1,000 Hz. As frequencies get higher there will be a rise in impedance above Re. This is because the voice coil is acting as an inductor. Consequently, the impedance of a speaker is not a fixed resistance, but can be represented as a curve that changes as the input frequency changes. Maximum impedance (Zmax) occurs at Fs. "

Ms The total moving mass of the loudspeaker cone.

Mmd Diaphram mass, in grams

Mms The driver's effective mechanical mass (including air load), in kg. "This parameter is the combination of the weight of the cone assembly plus the ‘driver radiation mass load’. The weight of the cone assembly is easy: it’s just the sum of the weight of the cone assembly components. The driver radiation mass load is the confusing part. In simple terminology, it is the weight of the air (the amount calculated in Vd) that the cone will have to push."

n0 The reference efficiency of the system (eta sub 0) dimensionless, usually expressed as %

p (rho) Density of air at STP 1.18 kg/m^3

Pa Acoustical power

Pe Electrical power

Q The relative damping of a loudspeaker

Q Parameters "Qms, Qes, and Qts are measurements related to the control of a transducer's suspension when it reaches the resonant frequency (Fs). The suspension must prevent any lateral motion that might allow the voice coil and pole to touch (this would destroy the loudspeaker). The suspension must also act like a shock absorber. Qms is a measurement of the control coming from the speaker's mechanical suspension system (the surround and spider). View these components like springs. Qes is a measurement of the control coming from the speaker's electrical suspension system (the voice coil and magnet). Opposing forces from the mechanical and electrical suspensions act to absorb shock. Qts is called the 'Total Q' of the driver and is derived from an equation where Qes is multiplied by Qms and the result is divided by the sum of the same.

As a general guideline, Qts of 0.4 or below indicates a transducer well suited to a vented enclosure. Qts between 0.4 and 0.7 indicates suitability for a sealed enclosure. Qts of 0.7 or above indicates suitability for free-air or infinite baffle applications. However, there are exceptions! The Eminence Kilomax 18 has a Qts of 0.56. This suggests a sealed enclosure, but in reality it works extremely well in a ported enclosure. Please consider all the parameters when selecting loudspeakers. If you are in any doubt, contact your Eminence representative for technical assistance."

Qa The system's Q at Fb, due to absorption losses; dimensionless

Qec The system's Q at resonance (Fc), due to electrical losses; dimensionless

Qes The driver's Q at resonance (Fs), due to electrical losses; dimensionless. "A measurement of the control coming from the speaker's electrical suspension system (the voice coil and magnet). Opposing forces from the mechanical and electrical suspensions act to absorb shock."

Ql The system's Q at Fb, due to leakage losses; dimensionless

Qmc The system's Q at resonance (Fc), due to mechanical losses; dimensionless

Qms The driver's Q at resonance (Fs), due to mechanical losses; dimensionless. "A measurement of the control coming from the speaker's mechanical suspension system (the surround and spider). View these components like springs."

Qp The system's Q at Fb, due to port losses (turbulence, viscousity, etc.); dimensionless

Qtc The system's Q at resonance (Fc), due to all losses; dimensionless

Qts The driver's Q at resonance (Fs), due to all losses; dimensionless. "The 'Total Q' of the driver and is derived from an equation where Qes is multiplied by Qms and the result is divided by the sum of the same."

R Ripple, in dB

Re "This is the DC resistance of the driver measured with an ohm meter and it is often referred to as the 'DCR'. This measurement will almost always be less than the driver's nominal impedance. Consumers sometimes get concerned the Re is less than the published impedance and fear that amplifiers will be overloaded. Due to the fact that the inductance of a speaker rises with a rise in frequency, it is unlikely that the amplifier will often see the DC resistance as its load."

Ras Acoustical equivalent of Rms

Res The electrical resistive equivalent of Rms, in ohms

Rms "This parameter represents the mechanical resistance of a driver’s suspension losses. It is a measurement of the absorption qualities of the speaker suspension and is stated in N*sec/m."

Revc DC voice coil resistance, in ohms

Rg Amplifier source resistance (includes leads, crossover, etc.), in ohms

Rms The driver's mechanical losses, in kg/s

Sd Effective piston radiating area of driver, in square centimeters. "This is the actual surface area of the cone, normally given in square cm."

SPLo Sound Pressure Level, usually measured at 1 watt, at 1 meter in front of the loudspeaker

Vas/Cms "Equivalent volume of compliance", this is a volume of air whose compliance is the same as a driver's acoustical compliance Cms (q.v.), in cubic meters. "Vas represents the volume of air that when compressed to one cubic meter exerts the same force as the compliance (Cms) of the suspension in a particular speaker. Vas is one of the trickiest parameters to measure because air pressure changes relative to humidity and temperature — a precisely controlled lab environment is essential. Cms is measured in meters per Newton. Cms is the force exerted by the mechanical suspension of the speaker. It is simply a measurement of its stiffness. Considering stiffness (Cms), in conjunction with the Q parameters gives rise to the kind of subjective decisions made by car manufacturers when tuning cars between comfort to carry the president and precision to go racing. Think of the peaks and valleys of audio signals like a road surface then consider that the ideal speaker suspension is like car suspension that can traverse the rockiest terrain with race-car precision and sensitivity at the speed of a fighter plane. It’s quite a challenge because focusing on any one discipline tends to have a detrimental effect on the others. "

Vd Maximum linear volume of displacement of the driver (product of Sd times Xmax), in cubic meters. "This parameter is the Peak Diaphragm Displacement Volume — in other words the volume of air the cone will move. It is calculated by multipying Xmax (Voice Coil Overhang of the driver) by Sd (Surface area of the cone). Vd is noted in cc. The highest Vd figure is desirable for a sub-bass transducer."

Xmax/Xmech Maximum peak linear excursion of driver, in meters. "Short for Maximum Linear Excursion. Speaker output becomes non-linear when the voice coil begins to leave the magnetic gap. Although suspensions can create non-linearity in output, the point at which the number of turns in the gap (see BL) begins to decrease is when distortion starts to increase. Eminence has historically been very conservative with this measurement and indicated only the voice coil overhang (Xmax: Voice coil height minus top plate thickness, divided by 2). Xmech is expressed by Eminence as the lowest of four potential failure condition measurements times 2: Spider crashing on top plate; Voice coil bottoming on back plate; Voice coil coming out of gap above core; Physical limitation of cone. Take the lowest of these measurements then multiply it by two. This gives a distance that describes the maximum mechanical movement of the cone."

Zmax "This parameter represents the speaker’s impedance at resonance."

uiiksss... na apa lg ni... kelas tuk hr ni ka kippo??

untuk di baca-baca.
sebab kadang2 bila saya explain, saya pakai term yg ada di sini.

tapi ni suda mendalam la ni hehe

xada bahasa melayukah bro..hahaha

alalala... kalu mo membca, mo tgh2 mlm bru ngam.. print out trs...

contoh dia, bila saya bilang kalau mau smooth punya bass bila pakai sealed box, target Qtc ko p 0.707

kalau mau main sealed box tapi mo bass keras, target Qtc ko p 0.9~1.0

hehehe

boy_charger88 wrote:

xada bahasa melayukah bro..hahaha

nanti saya try tu google translator hehehe

alah bro nie......bglah no fon hr 2 lg saya minta xbg.........kesian pula saya nie..hehehe..xpun bro ksh tau rumah bro dmana seng jmpa..hehe

tu la boy, time sigu BI msk kls, ko sbk tulis surat sinta ja... kan skrg ssh...

saya tau wah bro bi....cm pasal nie xtau..hahahah

hehehe... buka kamus ja ba... sanang crta... ptutla c kippo kalu teori byk, rpny msk tenet la dia... nice...

alag2 bro jd abg saya seng ceta...lgpn saya xada abg nie..hahahaha.....abg hustle ajar bi..hahaha

malas la... bg dlu no hp kazen ko yg mcm nasha aziz tu... bru aku ajar ko..

hahahaha...uh jual mahal..hahahaha

kompom la... kippo, spec tuk horn tweter teda ka???

ko mo main compression driver ka? hehe

bila ko pilih speaker, ko tidak payah tingu banyak2 spec. Ko minta feedback dari sesiapa yg pernah pakai. Besa dorang ni banyak komen tu. Jadi ko tau la mana satu yg bagus n mana satu yg tidak bagus.

horn tweeter ni kebaikan dia ialah ia dapat main freq. yg lebih rendah. Kebanyakan tweeter akan start keluar distortion bila main frequncies di bawa 3~4khz.

sebab tu urg main compression driver with waveguide yg ko boleh main freq. as low as 500hz. Tapi keburukan main horn setup ni ialah ia terlampau lurus 'beam' sound dia. Jadi bila ko mo sound imaging yang baik, agak susa mo kasi ngam installation horn ni.

aku ada pki 4 bj horn tweter skrng... mcm mo pki horn tweter karaoke tu... ok ka horn tweter karaoke???

boy_charger88 wrote:

alah bro nie......bglah no fon hr 2 lg saya minta xbg.........kesian pula saya nie..hehehe..xpun bro ksh tau rumah bro dmana seng jmpa..hehe

hehe.. sebab saya sibuk skrang ni. Bukan ada masa banyak mo expain pasal car audio ni. Masa set amp gain & xover kereta si gobuk pun buat tangah malam suda. Pakai torchlite lagi hehe

sma mcm km gak bro.. seting dlm gelap ngan lmpu suluh.. kekadng pki h/p ja...

horn tweeter karaoke tu saya tidak tau la.
Tia pernah pakai la geng.

hustle wrote:

kekadng pki h/p ja...

ini lagi hebat hehehe

oooo.. koz trend skrng dorg pki horn tweter karaoke...

hustle wrote:

hehehe... buka kamus ja ba... sanang crta... ptutla c kippo kalu teori byk, rpny msk tenet la dia... nice...

sebab dulu mana ada guru. Belajar sendiri la tanya2 di forum US.
Kalau tanya kedai, tidak di layan atau teori dorang tu tidak masuk akal.

lepas tu apa yang di ajar di praktik kan. Bikin DIY, bikin tuning, bikin box, bikin ni tu, pasang audio sistem kawan2.
Baru la yg teori di belajar tu jadi pengalaman

hustle wrote:

oooo.. koz trend skrng dorg pki horn tweter karaoke...

tweeter yang bagus ni bukan murah ohh.. yang bagus punya pun mau ribu2.
apa lagi mo bili/bikin waveguide (horn) yang ngam.

horn tweeter ni sebenar nya tweeter biasa tapi di pasang sama horn yg suda di design untuk pemakaian nya. Mungkin karaoke punya horn tweeter lagi kuat la bunyi tapi audio kegunaan rumah ni lain impedence dia ni, biasa nya untuk rumah, dia pakai 8 ohm

saya tidak main horn setup sebab susah mo kasi ngam bila main SQ.

kebykan keta yg aktif roadshow skrg pki tweter karaoke ni... ngam tuk road show la...